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SED 699 - Directed Study
Introduction
| Reference Sources
| Indexes & Databases
| Internet Resources
| Writing the Paper
For further research assistance, please contact Tim Lynch tlynch@usm.maine.edu; (780-5344), Research and Instructional Services Librarian; Liaison to the Education Department. Gorham Campus Library, University of Southern Maine.
The key to all your library research is your USM Card. On that card is your Library Barcode beginning (2502. . .) This card will gain you access to remote databases, Interlibrary Loan, Request items from other libraries in Maine and will allow you to check-out books from the University of Maine Library system. This card must be activated by the Circulation staff at one of our libraries before you may use it.
To start us off, lets begin by learning how to search the catalog and databases at USM:
Searching Using AND and OR: (This process can be used in most any database including journal indexes and databases)
Keyword, Title, Author, and Subject
Currently search strategies are catagorized by four types of searches: Keyword; Title; Author; and Subject. Keyword searches use "key words" from areas of the book or document record like the title and the abstract and match the exact instructions of your search (See Basic Search below). Title searches are performed by entering the exact wording of the title, While Author searches are performed by entering the Last name of the author followed by a comma and the first letter or first name of the person or entity responsible for the content of the work.
Subject searches are altogether different. A subject search (See Subject Headings Below) is an attempt to find a collection of works determined to be in the same subject area. The Library of Congress creates these Subject Headings and new works are either matched to an existing Subject Heading or new Subject Headings are created. The best way to use a Subject Heading is to find a book, using a Keyword search, (See above) that very closely fits your topic, then look to the bottom of the record for the Subject Headings that belong to that book. Using the blank subject search on its own is possible but will probably not give you the information you are looking for unless you know exactly the right Subject Headings to use.
In order to find books, journal titles, videos, government documents and other materials owned by the University of Maine system you will need to consult URSUS, the online catalog. Because journal article citations are not included in URSUS, you will need to use a discipline-specific index to find this information (see Resources by Subject).
If you do not know the exact subject heading describing the topic you need, try doing a keyword search using other word(s) related to that topic and then click on the subject heading links found within the relevant records to find additional, useful resources.
The following is a listing of selected subject headings relating to Special Education. Each subject heading is hotlinked directly to URSUS.
Searching Using AND and OR: (This process can be used in most any database including journal indexes and databases)
Basic Search
- State your topic in one sentence. (Ex. I'm looking for information about homework in the US gifted programs)
- Separate important terms. (Ex. homework AND gifted AND United States)
- Did you find enough information? If not continue. . . .
- Add IMPORTANT synonyms and related terms that you would find in the professional literature: homework AND (gifted OR talented) AND (United States OR U.S.)
- Truncate terms to get plural as well as singular form.
Ex. homework AND (gifted* OR talent*) and (United States OR U.S.)
Advanced Search (Default)
AND and OR searching can also be accomplished by filling in the search boxes using the AND connector in the Adanced search mode. Make sure and place all the OR terms (ie synonyms) together in the same box. Also place and the AND terms in the same box, connected with the word AND.
To obtain materials not located at USM, but within the University of Maine System, you will need to click on the black Request button on the URSUS screen and enter your name and barcode number (found under the barcode on your USM Card). Your barcode will need to be activated at the Circulation Desk on the first floor. Remember also to choose a location for the item to be delivered. Items requested in this manner require 3 to 5 days for delivery.
If the item is not available through the University of Maine System (URSUS) or Maine InfoNet you can request it via Interlibrary Loan (Illiad).
Books requested by interlibrary loan may take a week to 10 days to arrive. Articles requested by interlibrary loan usually arrive in under 3 days!
Off-Campus (remote) connection to databases: Use your name and library barcode number (2502. . . . ) available from your student ID to access Indexes and databases from home. Indexes and Databases that can be accessed remotely will have a small yellow "remote access" icon next to the Index or database. If you are having trouble, try using the state funded Marvel Databases. Enter personal information including ZIP Code.
Reference sources are useful tools to obtain background information and to develop a vocabulary of possible search terms. The following items are print resources available within the University of Southern Maine system.
Teaching and Research Sources
Encyclopedia of African-American Education
Gorham Ref. LC2717 .E53 1996
Encyclopedia of Education
Gorham Ref. LB15 .E47 2003 [8 vols.]
Encyclopedia of Educational Research
Gorham Ref. LB15 .E48 1992 [4 vols.]
Encyclopedia of Disability and Rehabilitation
Gorham Ref. HV1568 .B53 1995
Encyclopedia of Human Behavior
Gorham Ref. BF31 .E5 1994 [4 vols.]
Encyclopedia of Human Development and Education
Gorham Ref. BF713 .E65 1990
Encyclopedia of Human Intelligence
Gorham Ref. B431 .E59 1994 [2 vols.]
Encyclopedia of Learning and Memory
Gorham Ref. BF318 .E53 1992
Encyclopedia of Marriage and the Family
Gorham Ref. HQ9 .E52 1995 [2 vols.]
Encyclopedia of Special Education
Gorham Ref. LC4007 .E53 2000 [3 vols.]
Gale Encyclopedia of Childhood & Adolescence
Gorham Ref. HQ772 .G27 1998
International Encyclopedia of Education
Gorham Ref. LB15 .I569 1994 [12 vols.]
International Encyclopedia of Teaching and Teacher Education
Gorham Ref. LB1025.3 .I58 1995
International Handbook of Research and Development of Giftedness and Talent
Gorham Ref. LC3993 .I596 1993
Handbook of Alternative Education
Gorham Ref. LC45.4 .H36 1994
Handbook of Child Psychology
Gorham Ref. BF721 .H242 1998) [4 vols.
Handbook of Research on the Education of Young Children
Gorham Ref. LB1119 .H25 1993
Handbook of Reading Research
Gorham Ref. LB1050 .H278 1984 [3 vols.(vol. 3 is 2000)]
Biographical Sources
Biographical Dictionary of American Educators
Gorham Ref. LA2311 .B54 [3 vols.]
Who's Who in American Education
Gorham Ref. LA2311 .W471994-5
Other Research Resources
Dictionary of Multi-cultural Education
Gorham Ref. LC 1099 .D53 1997
Dictionary of Special Education and Rehabilitation
Gorham Ref. LC 3957 .V47 1997
Dictionary of Statistics and Methodology
Gorham Ref. HA17 .V64 1999)
Educator's Resource Directory
Gorham Ref. LB1028.27 .U6 E53 2001-02
Handbook of Educational Terms and Applications
Gorham Ref. LB15 .E419 1996
Handbook of Qualitative Research in Education
Gorham Ref. H62 .H2456 1992
Requirements for Certification 2003-2004
Gorham Ref. LB1771 .W6 2003-04
Special Education and Rehabilitation Testing: Current Practices and Test Reviews
Gorham Ref. LC4019 .S585 1988
Special Education Dictionary
Gorham Ref. LC3981 .E45 1997
Special Education Desk Reference
Gorham Ref. LC3981 .E45 1997
Because of the publishing cycle of a book, information in a book is not always current. Periodical articles are current sources of information. There are two main types of periodicals: scholarly and popular. Scholarly periodicals are usually referred to as journals. Articles in journals contain reports of primary research; the articles are written by experts in the field and for other researchers/scholars; use terms and language specific to that discipline; may include graphs, charts, etc. related to the topic; most often are peer reviewed via an editorial board; are published by professional organization or society, university, research centers, scholarly presses; and often include a bibliography. Popular periodical articles contain general information; are written using easily understood language that appeals to a varied audience; are usually written by journalists or others who are not experts in the field; do not include citations; has a limited or non-existent editorial review board; and may contain glossy photographs
To find scholarly articles it is necessary to consult a discipline-specific electronic or print index/database. The following are electronic indexing sources available to the Unversity of Southern Maine in the area of Education.
Academic Search Premier
Date coverage: varies according to publication. See coverage information
Provides full text for nearly 4,000 scholarly publications of which 3,100 are peer reviewed. Academic areas of study include: social sciences, humanities, education, computer sciences, engineering, language and linguistics, arts & literature, medical sciences, and ethnic studies. Approximately 300 journals indexed are in the field of Education
ERIC
The Educational Resource Center, formerly sponsored by the US Department of Education, is the major research database for the field of Education. It collects, indexes and abstracts (summarizes) articles from virtually all of the 950+ US journals devoted to Education. Additionally, ERIC collects, indexes abstracts and publishes as ERIC Documents other items of interest to the educational community, such as conference papers, official reports of federally funded research projects, materials produced by state departments of education and other educational entities, a small number of commercially published books (abstracts only) and even classroom and other materials submitted by individual educators, although as of 2004 this type of information may no longer be included.
Because ERIC has been sold to a private contractor for management, it is unknown to what extent the database will change. The new model promises full-text online for much of the information indexed in ERIC whenever possible. See more information at the http://www.eric.ed.gov/ site.
PsycINFO
The online edition of Psychological Abstracts, produced by the American Psychological Association is the major Research Database related to the field of Psychology. The database includes abstracts of articles from the professional journal literature in several languages. It also includes abstracts of books and book chapters, dissertations and reports in psychology. ERIC and PsychINFO will, in some cases connect to the full-text of articles.
There is no authority control for the Internet. In choosing Internet resources it is imperative to evaluate the authenticity of the source. Thinking Critically about Discipline-Based World Wide Web Resources (UCLA College Library) provides excellent evaluation criteria. The following selected resources have been chosen because of authenticity and comprehensiveness of coverage.
US Department of Education
Maine Department of Education
Special Education (Google Directory)
In using resources it is imperative that they be used ethically and legally. The sources listed here provide assistance in following correct citation methods.
In using resources it is imperative that they be used ethically and legally. The sources listed here provide assistance in following correct citation methods and in avoiding plagiarism.
Writing Handbooks
Publication Manual of the American Psychological Association
Gorham Ref. BF76.7 .P83 2001
St. Martin's Handbook
Portland Ref. PE1112 .L86 1989
Lewiston-Auburn Ref. PE1112. L86 1989
Contains sections on the writing process, sentence construction, punctuation, doing research, and academic writing.
A Writer's Reference, 3rd Edition
Gorham Ref. PE1408 .H2778 1995
Includes sections on composing and revising, design, sentence structure, grammar, punctuation, writing, and documentation.
Citation Styles
Citing Sources (MLA) (Indiana University)
MLA (University of Wisconsin-Madison Writing Center)
MLA Handbook for Writers of Research Papers, 6th edition
Gorham Ref. LB2369 .G53 2003
Online! A Reference Guide Using Internet Resources
Publication Manual of the American Psychological Association
Gorham Ref. BF76.7 .P83 2001
Using Modern Language Association (MLA) Format (Purdue University Online Writing Center)
Plagiarism
Plagiarism-The Do's and Dont's: Guidelines for Avoiding Plagiarism (University of California-Davis)
Plagiarism (Indiana University)
Last Update: 10.2005
Comments: Ask-A-Librarian
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